Creating Backgrounds
ExBluePrint.java
//
// CLASS
// ExBluePrint - illustrate use of background images
//
// LESSON
// Add a Background node to place a background image of a blueprint
// behind foreground geometry of a mechanical part.
//
// SEE ALSO
// ExBackgroundImage
//
// AUTHOR
// David R. Nadeau / San Diego Supercomputer Center
//
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import javax.media.j3d.*;
import javax.vecmath.*;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.image.*;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.*;
public class ExBluePrint
extends Example
{
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// SCENE CONTENT
//--------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Nodes (updated via menu)
//
private Background background = null;
private Switch shadingSwitch = null;
//
// Build scene
//
public Group buildScene( )
{
// Get the current image
ImageComponent2D image = imageComponents[currentImage];
// Build the scene root
Group scene = new Group( );
// BEGIN EXAMPLE TOPIC
// Create application bounds
BoundingSphere worldBounds = new BoundingSphere(
new Point3d( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ), // Center
1000.0 ); // Extent
// Set the background color and its application bounds
background = new Background( );
background.setColor( White );
background.setImage( image );
background.setCapability( Background.ALLOW_IMAGE_WRITE );
background.setApplicationBounds( worldBounds );
scene.addChild( background );
// END EXAMPLE TOPIC
// Build foreground geometry
scene.addChild( buildGadget( ) );
return scene;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// FOREGROUND AND ANNOTATION CONTENT
//--------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Build a mechanical gadget including a few gears and a
// shaft going through them.
//
private Group buildGadget( )
{
if( debug ) System.err.println( " gadget..." );
//
// Create two appearances:
// wireframeApp: draw as blue wireframe
// shadedApp: draw as metalic shaded polygons
//
// Wireframe:
// no Material - defaults to coloring attributes color
// polygons as lines, with backfaces
// thick lines
Appearance wireframeApp = new Appearance( );
ColoringAttributes wireframeCatt = new ColoringAttributes( );
wireframeCatt.setColor( 0.0f, 0.2559f, 0.4213f );
wireframeCatt.setShadeModel( ColoringAttributes.SHADE_FLAT );
wireframeApp.setColoringAttributes( wireframeCatt );
PolygonAttributes wireframePatt = new PolygonAttributes( );
wireframePatt.setPolygonMode( PolygonAttributes.POLYGON_LINE );
wireframePatt.setCullFace( PolygonAttributes.CULL_NONE );
wireframeApp.setPolygonAttributes( wireframePatt );
LineAttributes wireframeLatt = new LineAttributes( );
wireframeLatt.setLineWidth( 2.0f );
wireframeApp.setLineAttributes( wireframeLatt );
// Shaded:
// silver material
Appearance shadedApp = new Appearance( );
Material shadedMat = new Material( );
shadedMat.setAmbientColor( 0.30f, 0.30f, 0.30f );
shadedMat.setDiffuseColor( 0.30f, 0.30f, 0.50f );
shadedMat.setSpecularColor( 0.60f, 0.60f, 0.80f );
shadedMat.setShininess( 0.10f );
shadedApp.setMaterial( shadedMat );
ColoringAttributes shadedCatt = new ColoringAttributes( );
shadedCatt.setShadeModel( ColoringAttributes.SHADE_GOURAUD );
shadedApp.setColoringAttributes( shadedCatt );
//
// Create a switch group to hold two versions of the
// shape: one wireframe, and one shaded
//
Transform3D tr = new Transform3D( );
tr.set( new Vector3f( -1.0f, 0.2f, 0.0f ) );
TransformGroup gadget = new TransformGroup( tr );
shadingSwitch = new Switch( );
shadingSwitch.setCapability( Switch.ALLOW_SWITCH_WRITE );
Group wireframe = new Group( );
Group shaded = new Group( );
shadingSwitch.addChild( wireframe );
shadingSwitch.addChild( shaded );
shadingSwitch.setWhichChild( 1 ); // shaded
gadget.addChild( shadingSwitch );
//
// Build a gear (wireframe and shaded)
//
tr = new Transform3D( );
tr.rotY( Math.PI/2.0 );
TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup( tr );
SpurGear gear = new SpurGearThinBody(
24, // tooth count
1.6f, // pitch circle radius
0.3f, // shaft radius
0.08f, // addendum
0.05f, // dedendum
0.3f, // gear thickness
0.28f, // tooth tip thickness
wireframeApp );// appearance
tg.addChild( gear );
wireframe.addChild( tg );
tg = new TransformGroup( tr );
gear = new SpurGearThinBody(
24, // tooth count
1.6f, // pitch circle radius
0.3f, // shaft radius
0.08f, // addendum
0.05f, // dedendum
0.3f, // gear thickness
0.28f, // tooth tip thickness
shadedApp ); // appearance
tg.addChild( gear );
shaded.addChild( tg );
//
// Build another gear (wireframe and shaded)
//
tr.rotY( Math.PI/2.0 );
Vector3f trans = new Vector3f( -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f );
tr.setTranslation( trans );
tg = new TransformGroup( tr );
gear = new SpurGearThinBody(
30, // tooth count
2.0f, // pitch circle radius
0.3f, // shaft radius
0.08f, // addendum
0.05f, // dedendum
0.3f, // gear thickness
0.28f, // tooth tip thickness
wireframeApp );// appearance
tg.addChild( gear );
wireframe.addChild( tg );
tg = new TransformGroup( tr );
gear = new SpurGearThinBody(
30, // tooth count
2.0f, // pitch circle radius
0.3f, // shaft radius
0.08f, // addendum
0.05f, // dedendum
0.3f, // gear thickness
0.28f, // tooth tip thickness
shadedApp ); // appearance
tg.addChild( gear );
shaded.addChild( tg );
//
// Build a cylindrical shaft (wireframe and shaded)
//
tr.rotZ( -Math.PI/2.0 );
trans = new Vector3f( 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f );
tr.setTranslation( trans );
tg = new TransformGroup( tr );
Cylinder cyl = new Cylinder(
0.3f, // radius
4.0f, // length
Primitive.GENERATE_NORMALS, // format
16, // radial resolution
1, // length-wise resolution
wireframeApp );// appearance
tg.addChild( cyl );
wireframe.addChild( tg );
tg = new TransformGroup( tr );
cyl = new Cylinder(
0.3f, // radius
4.0f, // length
Primitive.GENERATE_NORMALS, // format
16, // radial resolution
1, // length-wise resolution
shadedApp ); // appearance
tg.addChild( cyl );
shaded.addChild( tg );
//
// Build shaft teeth (wireframe and shaded)
//
tr.rotY( Math.PI/2.0 );
trans = new Vector3f( 2.05f, 0.0f, 0.0f );
tr.setTranslation( trans );
tg = new TransformGroup( tr );
gear = new SpurGear(
12, // tooth count
0.5f, // pitch circle radius
0.3f, // shaft radius
0.05f, // addendum
0.05f, // dedendum
1.5f, // gear thickness
0.8f, // tooth tip thickness
wireframeApp );// appearance
tg.addChild( gear );
wireframe.addChild( tg );
tg = new TransformGroup( tr );
gear = new SpurGear(
12, // tooth count
0.5f, // pitch circle radius
0.3f, // shaft radius
0.05f, // addendum
0.05f, // dedendum
1.5f, // gear thickness
0.8f, // tooth tip thickness
shadedApp ); // appearance
tg.addChild( gear );
shaded.addChild( tg );
return gadget;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// USER INTERFACE
//--------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Main
//
public static void main( String[] args )
{
ExBluePrint ex = new ExBluePrint( );
ex.initialize( args );
ex.buildUniverse( );
ex.showFrame( );
}
// Image menu choices
private NameValue[] images = {
new NameValue( "None", null ),
new NameValue( "Blueprint", "blueprint.jpg" ),
};
private int currentImage = 0;
private ImageComponent2D[] imageComponents;
private CheckboxMenuItem[] imageMenu;
private int currentAppearance = 0;
private CheckboxMenuItem[] appearanceMenu;
//
// Initialize the GUI (application and applet)
//
public void initialize( String[] args )
{
// Initialize the window, menubar, etc.
super.initialize( args );
exampleFrame.setTitle( "Java 3D Blueprint Example" );
//
// Add a menubar menu to change parameters
// (images)
// --------
// Wireframe
// Shaded
//
// Add a menu to select among background and shading options
Menu m = new Menu( "Options" );
imageMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem[images.length];
for ( int i = 0; i < images.length; i++ )
{
imageMenu[i] =
new CheckboxMenuItem( images[i].name );
imageMenu[i].addItemListener( this );
imageMenu[i].setState( false );
m.add( imageMenu[i] );
}
imageMenu[currentImage].setState( true );
m.addSeparator( );
appearanceMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem[2];
appearanceMenu[0] = new CheckboxMenuItem( "Wireframe" );
appearanceMenu[0].addItemListener( this );
appearanceMenu[0].setState( false );
m.add( appearanceMenu[0] );
appearanceMenu[1] = new CheckboxMenuItem( "Shaded" );
appearanceMenu[1].addItemListener( this );
appearanceMenu[1].setState( true );
m.add( appearanceMenu[1] );
exampleMenuBar.add( m );
// Preload background images
TextureLoader texLoader = null;
imageComponents = new ImageComponent2D[images.length];
String value = null;
for ( int i = 0; i < images.length; i++ )
{
value = (String)images[i].value;
if ( value == null )
{
imageComponents[i] = null;
continue;
}
texLoader = new TextureLoader( value, this);
imageComponents[i] = texLoader.getImage( );
}
}
//
// Handle checkboxes
//
public void itemStateChanged( ItemEvent event )
{
Object src = event.getSource( );
// Check if it is an image choice
for ( int i = 0; i < imageMenu.length; i++ )
{
if ( src == imageMenu[i] )
{
// Update the checkboxes
imageMenu[currentImage].setState( false );
currentImage = i;
imageMenu[currentImage].setState( true );
// Set the background image
ImageComponent2D image =
imageComponents[currentImage];
background.setImage( image );
return;
}
}
// Check if it is an appearance choice
if ( src == appearanceMenu[0] )
{
appearanceMenu[1].setState( false );
shadingSwitch.setWhichChild( 0 );
return;
}
if ( src == appearanceMenu[1] )
{
appearanceMenu[0].setState( false );
shadingSwitch.setWhichChild( 1 );
return;
}
// Handle all other checkboxes
super.itemStateChanged( event );
}
}