Adding sound
ExSound.java
//
// CLASS
// ExSound - illustrate the use of sounds
//
// LESSON
// Add a PointSound and a BackgroundSound to an environment.
//
// AUTHOR
// David R. Nadeau / San Diego Supercomputer Center
//
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.media.j3d.*;
import javax.vecmath.*;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.image.*;
public class ExSound
extends Example
{
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// SCENE CONTENT
//--------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Nodes (updated via menu)
//
private BackgroundSound backgroundSound = null;
private PointSound pointSound = null;
private float soundHeight = 1.6f;
private float pointX = 0.0f;
private AmbientLight ambientLight = null;
private PointLight pointLight = null;
//
// Build scene
//
public Group buildScene( )
{
// Get the initial sound volume
float vol = ((Float)volumes[currentVolume].value).floatValue();
// Turn off the example headlight
setHeadlightEnable( false );
// Default to walk navigation
setNavigationType( Walk );
// Build the scene group
Group scene = new Group( );
//
// Preload the sounds
//
if ( debug ) System.err.println( " sounds..." );
String path = getCurrentDirectory( );
MediaContainer backgroundMedia = new MediaContainer(
path + "canon.wav" );
backgroundMedia.setCacheEnable( true );
MediaContainer pointMedia = new MediaContainer(
path + "willow1.wav" );
pointMedia.setCacheEnable( true );
// BEGIN EXAMPLE TOPIC
// Create influencing bounds
BoundingSphere worldBounds = new BoundingSphere(
new Point3d( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ), // Center
1000.0 ); // Extent
// Background sound
backgroundSound = new BackgroundSound( );
backgroundSound.setEnable( backgroundSoundOnOff );
backgroundSound.setLoop( Sound.INFINITE_LOOPS );
backgroundSound.setSoundData( backgroundMedia );
backgroundSound.setInitialGain( vol );
backgroundSound.setSchedulingBounds( worldBounds );
backgroundSound.setCapability( Sound.ALLOW_ENABLE_WRITE );
backgroundSound.setCapability( Sound.ALLOW_INITIAL_GAIN_WRITE );
scene.addChild( backgroundSound );
// Create a distance gain array for the point sound
Point2f[] distanceGain = {
new Point2f( 9.0f, 1.0f ), // Full volume
new Point2f( 10.0f, 0.5f ), // Half volume
new Point2f( 20.0f, 0.25f ), // Quarter volume
new Point2f( 30.0f, 0.0f ), // Zero volume
};
// Point sound
pointSound = new PointSound( );
pointSound.setEnable( pointSoundOnOff );
pointSound.setPosition(
new Point3f( pointX, soundHeight, 0.0f ) );
pointSound.setLoop( Sound.INFINITE_LOOPS );
pointSound.setSoundData( pointMedia );
pointSound.setInitialGain( vol );
pointSound.setDistanceGain( distanceGain );
pointSound.setSchedulingBounds( worldBounds );
pointSound.setCapability( Sound.ALLOW_ENABLE_WRITE );
pointSound.setCapability( Sound.ALLOW_INITIAL_GAIN_WRITE );
scene.addChild( pointSound );
// END EXAMPLE TOPIC
// Build a few lights, one per sound. We'll turn them
// on when the associated sound is on.
ambientLight = new AmbientLight( );
ambientLight.setEnable( backgroundSoundOnOff );
ambientLight.setColor( Gray );
ambientLight.setInfluencingBounds( worldBounds );
ambientLight.setCapability( Light.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE );
scene.addChild( ambientLight );
pointLight = new PointLight( );
pointLight.setEnable( pointSoundOnOff );
pointLight.setColor( White );
pointLight.setPosition( 0.0f, soundHeight, 0.0f );
pointLight.setInfluencingBounds( worldBounds );
pointLight.setCapability( Light.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE );
scene.addChild( pointLight );
// Add a basic ambient light for when all sounds (and
// their lights) are off so that the world isn't dark
AmbientLight amb = new AmbientLight( );
amb.setEnable( true );
amb.setColor( Gray );
amb.setInfluencingBounds( worldBounds );
amb.setCapability( Light.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE );
scene.addChild( amb );
// Build foreground geometry
scene.addChild( buildForeground( ) );
return scene;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// FOREGROUND CONTENT
//--------------------------------------------------------------
private Group buildForeground( )
{
//
// Create a group for the foreground, and move
// everything up a bit.
//
TransformGroup group = new TransformGroup( );
Transform3D tr = new Transform3D( );
tr.setTranslation( new Vector3f( 0.0f, -1.6f, 0.0f ) );
group.setTransform( tr );
//
// Load textures
//
if ( debug ) System.err.println( " textures..." );
Texture groundTex = null;
Texture spurTex = null;
Texture domeTex = null;
TextureLoader texLoader = null;
ImageComponent image = null;
texLoader = new TextureLoader( "flooring.jpg", this );
image = texLoader.getImage( );
if ( image == null )
System.err.println( "Cannot load flooring.jpg texture" );
else
{
groundTex = texLoader.getTexture( );
groundTex.setBoundaryModeS( Texture.WRAP );
groundTex.setBoundaryModeT( Texture.WRAP );
groundTex.setMinFilter( Texture.NICEST );
groundTex.setMagFilter( Texture.NICEST );
groundTex.setMipMapMode( Texture.BASE_LEVEL );
groundTex.setEnable( true );
}
texLoader = new TextureLoader( "granite07rev.jpg", this );
Texture columnTex = texLoader.getTexture( );
if ( columnTex == null )
System.err.println( "Cannot load granite07rev.jpg texture" );
else
{
columnTex.setBoundaryModeS( Texture.WRAP );
columnTex.setBoundaryModeT( Texture.WRAP );
columnTex.setMinFilter( Texture.NICEST );
columnTex.setMagFilter( Texture.NICEST );
columnTex.setMipMapMode( Texture.BASE_LEVEL );
columnTex.setEnable( true );
}
texLoader = new TextureLoader( "brtsky.jpg", this );
Texture boxTex = texLoader.getTexture( );
if ( boxTex == null )
System.err.println( "Cannot load brtsky.jpg texture" );
else
{
boxTex.setBoundaryModeS( Texture.WRAP );
boxTex.setBoundaryModeT( Texture.WRAP );
boxTex.setMinFilter( Texture.NICEST );
boxTex.setMagFilter( Texture.NICEST );
boxTex.setMipMapMode( Texture.BASE_LEVEL );
boxTex.setEnable( true );
}
//
// Build the ground
//
if ( debug ) System.err.println( " ground..." );
Appearance groundApp = new Appearance( );
Material groundMat = new Material( );
groundMat.setAmbientColor( 0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f );
groundMat.setDiffuseColor( 0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f );
groundMat.setSpecularColor( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f );
groundApp.setMaterial( groundMat );
tr = new Transform3D( );
tr.setScale( new Vector3d( 16.0, 4.0, 1.0 ) );
TextureAttributes groundTexAtt = new TextureAttributes( );
groundTexAtt.setTextureMode( TextureAttributes.MODULATE );
groundTexAtt.setPerspectiveCorrectionMode(
TextureAttributes.NICEST );
groundTexAtt.setTextureTransform( tr );
groundApp.setTextureAttributes( groundTexAtt );
if ( groundTex != null )
groundApp.setTexture( groundTex );
ElevationGrid ground = new ElevationGrid(
11, // X dimension
11, // Z dimension
2.0f, // X spacing
2.0f, // Z spacing
// Automatically use zero heights
groundApp ); // Appearance
group.addChild( ground );
//
// Create a column appearance used for both columns.
//
Appearance columnApp = new Appearance( );
Material columnMat = new Material( );
columnMat.setAmbientColor( 0.6f, 0.6f, 0.6f );
columnMat.setDiffuseColor( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f );
columnMat.setSpecularColor( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f );
columnApp.setMaterial( columnMat );
TextureAttributes columnTexAtt = new TextureAttributes( );
columnTexAtt.setTextureMode( TextureAttributes.MODULATE );
columnTexAtt.setPerspectiveCorrectionMode(
TextureAttributes.NICEST);
columnApp.setTextureAttributes( columnTexAtt );
if ( columnTex != null )
columnApp.setTexture( columnTex );
//
// To give the point sound an apparent location,
// build a column and a set of three co-located
// tumbling boxes hovering above the column.
//
TransformGroup pointGroup = new TransformGroup( );
tr.setIdentity( );
tr.setTranslation( new Vector3f( pointX, 0.0f, 0.0f ) );
pointGroup.setTransform( tr );
GothicColumn column = new GothicColumn(
1.0f, // height
0.2f, // radius
GothicColumn.BUILD_TOP, // flags
columnApp ); // appearance
pointGroup.addChild( column );
TransformGroup rotThing = new TransformGroup( );
tr.setIdentity( );
tr.setTranslation( new Vector3f( 0.0f, soundHeight, 0.0f ) );
rotThing.setTransform( tr );
Appearance boxApp = new Appearance( );
// No material -- make it emissive
TextureAttributes boxTexAtt = new TextureAttributes( );
boxTexAtt.setTextureMode( TextureAttributes.REPLACE );
boxTexAtt.setPerspectiveCorrectionMode(
TextureAttributes.NICEST );
boxApp.setTextureAttributes( boxTexAtt );
if ( boxTex != null )
boxApp.setTexture( boxTex );
rotThing.addChild( buildTumblingBox(
0.4f, 0.4f, 0.4f, // width, height, depth
boxApp, // Appearance
40000, 32000, 26000 ) );// XYZ tumble durations
rotThing.addChild( buildTumblingBox(
0.4f, 0.4f, 0.4f, // width, height, depth
boxApp, // Appearance
38000, 30000, 28000 ) );// XYZ tumble durations
rotThing.addChild( buildTumblingBox(
0.4f, 0.4f, 0.4f, // width, height, depth
boxApp, // Appearance
30000, 26000, 34000 ) );// XYZ tumble durations
pointGroup.addChild( rotThing );
group.addChild( pointGroup );
return group;
}
private int[] coordinateIndices = {
0, 1, 5, 4, // front
1, 2, 6, 5, // right
2, 3, 7, 6, // back
3, 0, 4, 7, // left
4, 5, 6, 7, // top
3, 2, 1, 0, // bottom
};
private float[] textureCoordinates = {
0.0f, 0.0f,
1.0f, 0.0f,
1.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 1.0f,
};
private int[] textureCoordinateIndices = {
0, 1, 2, 3,
0, 1, 2, 3,
0, 1, 2, 3,
0, 1, 2, 3,
0, 1, 2, 3,
0, 1, 2, 3,
};
private float[] normals = {
0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // front
1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // right
0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, // back
-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // left
0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top
0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom
};
private int[] normalIndices = {
0, 0, 0, 0,
1, 1, 1, 1,
2, 2, 2, 2,
3, 3, 3, 3,
4, 4, 4, 4,
5, 5, 5, 5,
};
private Shape3D buildBox( float width, float height, float depth,
Appearance app )
{
float w2 = width/2.0f;
float h2 = height/2.0f;
float d2 = depth/2.0f;
float[] coordinates = new float[8*3];
int n = 0;
// Around the bottom of the box
coordinates[n+0] = -w2;
coordinates[n+1] = -h2;
coordinates[n+2] = d2;
n += 3;
coordinates[n+0] = w2;
coordinates[n+1] = -h2;
coordinates[n+2] = d2;
n += 3;
coordinates[n+0] = w2;
coordinates[n+1] = -h2;
coordinates[n+2] = -d2;
n += 3;
coordinates[n+0] = -w2;
coordinates[n+1] = -h2;
coordinates[n+2] = -d2;
n += 3;
// Around the top of the box
coordinates[n+0] = -w2;
coordinates[n+1] = h2;
coordinates[n+2] = d2;
n += 3;
coordinates[n+0] = w2;
coordinates[n+1] = h2;
coordinates[n+2] = d2;
n += 3;
coordinates[n+0] = w2;
coordinates[n+1] = h2;
coordinates[n+2] = -d2;
n += 3;
coordinates[n+0] = -w2;
coordinates[n+1] = h2;
coordinates[n+2] = -d2;
n += 3;
IndexedQuadArray quads = new IndexedQuadArray(
coordinates.length, // vertex count
GeometryArray.COORDINATES |
GeometryArray.NORMALS |
GeometryArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2,
coordinateIndices.length );
quads.setCoordinates( 0, coordinates );
quads.setCoordinateIndices( 0, coordinateIndices );
quads.setNormals( 0, normals );
quads.setNormalIndices( 0, normalIndices );
quads.setTextureCoordinates( 0, textureCoordinates );
quads.setTextureCoordinateIndices( 0, textureCoordinateIndices);
Shape3D shape = new Shape3D( quads, app );
return shape;
}
private Group buildTumblingBox( float width, float height,
float depth, Appearance app,
int xDur, int yDur, int zDur )
{
BoundingSphere worldBounds = new BoundingSphere(
new Point3d( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ), // Center
1000.0 ); // Extent
// Build a box to tumble
Shape3D box = buildBox( width, height, depth, app );
// Build a set of nested transform groups. Attach
// to each one a behavior that rotates around an X,
// Y, or Z axis. Use different rotation speeds for
// each axis to create a tumbling effect.
TransformGroup outerGroup = new TransformGroup( );
outerGroup.setCapability(
TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE );
Transform3D yAxis = new Transform3D();
Alpha alpha = new Alpha(
-1, // loop count: -1 = forever
Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE, // increasing
0, // trigger time: 0 = now
0, // delay: 0 = none
xDur, // increasing duration
0, // increasing ramp duration
0, // at one (sustain) duration
0, // decreasing duration
0, // decreasing ramp duration
0 ); // at zero duration
RotationInterpolator rot = new RotationInterpolator(
alpha, // Alpha control
outerGroup, // Target transform group
yAxis, // Y axis rotation
0.0f, // Minimum angle
2.0f*(float)Math.PI );// Maximum angle
rot.setSchedulingBounds( worldBounds );
outerGroup.addChild( rot );
TransformGroup middleGroup = new TransformGroup( );
middleGroup.setCapability(
TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE );
Transform3D xAxis = new Transform3D();
xAxis.rotZ( -1.571f );
alpha = new Alpha(
-1, // loop count: -1 = forever
Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE, // increasing
0, // trigger time: 0 = now
0, // delay: 0 = none
yDur, // increasing duration
0, // increasing ramp duration
0, // at one (sustain) duration
0, // decreasing duration
0, // decreasing ramp duration
0 ); // at zero duration
rot = new RotationInterpolator(
alpha, // Alpha control
middleGroup, // Target transform group
xAxis, // Y axis rotation
0.0f, // Minimum angle
2.0f*(float)Math.PI );// Maximum angle
rot.setSchedulingBounds( worldBounds );
middleGroup.addChild( rot );
outerGroup.addChild( middleGroup );
TransformGroup innerGroup = new TransformGroup( );
innerGroup.setCapability(
TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE );
Transform3D zAxis = new Transform3D();
zAxis.rotX( 1.571f );
alpha = new Alpha(
-1, // loop count: -1 = forever
Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE, // increasing
0, // trigger time: 0 = now
0, // delay: 0 = none
zDur, // increasing duration
0, // increasing ramp duration
0, // at one (sustain) duration
0, // decreasing duration
0, // decreasing ramp duration
0 ); // at zero duration
rot = new RotationInterpolator(
alpha, // Alpha control
innerGroup, // Target transform group
zAxis, // Y axis rotation
0.0f, // Minimum angle
2.0f*(float)Math.PI );// Maximum angle
rot.setSchedulingBounds( worldBounds );
innerGroup.addChild( rot );
middleGroup.addChild( innerGroup );
innerGroup.addChild( box );
return outerGroup;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// USER INTERFACE
//--------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Main
//
public static void main( String[] args )
{
ExSound ex = new ExSound( );
ex.initialize( args );
ex.buildUniverse( );
ex.showFrame( );
}
// On/off choices
private boolean backgroundSoundOnOff = false;
private CheckboxMenuItem backgroundSoundOnOffMenu = null;
private boolean pointSoundOnOff = false;
private CheckboxMenuItem pointSoundOnOffMenu = null;
// Volume menu choices
private NameValue[] volumes = {
new NameValue( "Silent", new Float( 0.0f ) ),
new NameValue( "Low volume", new Float( 0.5f ) ),
new NameValue( "Medium volume", new Float( 1.0f ) ),
new NameValue( "High volume", new Float( 2.0f ) ),
};
private int currentVolume = 2;
private CheckboxMenu volumeMenu = null;
//
// Initialize the GUI (application and applet)
//
public void initialize( String[] args )
{
// Initialize the window, menubar, etc.
super.initialize( args );
exampleFrame.setTitle( "Java 3D Sound Example" );
//
// Add a menubar menu to change node parameters
// Background sound on/off
// Point sound on/off
//
Menu m = new Menu( "Sounds" );
backgroundSoundOnOffMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem( "Background sound on/off",
backgroundSoundOnOff );
backgroundSoundOnOffMenu.addItemListener( this );
m.add( backgroundSoundOnOffMenu );
pointSoundOnOffMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem( "Point sound on/off",
pointSoundOnOff );
pointSoundOnOffMenu.addItemListener( this );
m.add( pointSoundOnOffMenu );
volumeMenu = new CheckboxMenu( "Volume", volumes,
currentVolume, this );
m.add( volumeMenu );
exampleMenuBar.add( m );
}
//
// Handle checkboxes and menu choices
//
public void checkboxChanged( CheckboxMenu menu, int check )
{
if ( menu == volumeMenu )
{
// Change the sound volumes
currentVolume = check;
float vol = ((Float)volumes[check].value).floatValue( );
backgroundSound.setInitialGain( vol );
pointSound.setInitialGain( vol );
return;
}
// Handle all other checkboxes
super.checkboxChanged( menu, check );
}
public void itemStateChanged( ItemEvent event )
{
Object src = event.getSource( );
if ( src == backgroundSoundOnOffMenu )
{
// Turn the background sound on or off
backgroundSoundOnOff = backgroundSoundOnOffMenu.getState( );
backgroundSound.setEnable( backgroundSoundOnOff );
ambientLight.setEnable( backgroundSoundOnOff );
return;
}
if ( src == pointSoundOnOffMenu )
{
// Turn the point sound on or off
pointSoundOnOff = pointSoundOnOffMenu.getState( );
pointSound.setEnable( pointSoundOnOff );
pointLight.setEnable( pointSoundOnOff );
return;
}
// Handle all other checkboxes
super.itemStateChanged( event );
}
}